Techno-economic assessment of a hybrid forward osmosis and membrane distillation system for agricultural water recovery

• FO-MD process can yield a high water quality for most of the AD effluents. Obtained fluxes < 2 Lm ?2 h ?1 are too low industrial application at present. The energy consumption was 100 times less than electricity produced. cost produced by system 1.29 $ m ?3. For to be efficient, flux must exceed 14 ?1. Despite potential forward osmosis (FO) and membrane distillation (MD) treat difficult waste streams, these technologies have not yet been applied on large scale in industry. Also, economic analyses which crucial commercialization presently available. In this work techno-economic study recovery from anaerobic digested (AD) effluents hybrid performed. OPEX CAPEX calculations were used estimate final treatment based experimental laboratory results demonstrated that However obtained (<2 ) present form process. 0.52 kWh ?3 is lower 1 3 methane yields. , assuming 10 36 . Sensitivity analysis shows module has influence 8 Analysis Thus our assessment directions where technology should improved order technically feasible industrially applicable.